It's a clinical condition of swelling of mostly the leg and arm due to obstruction of lymphatic flow. It is most commonly acquired (due to lymph node blockage mainly seen in chronic filariasis or lymph node removal in cancer surgery) but occasionally seen congenitally also. The lymphoedema-affected limb or body part is prone to recurrent infection, skin changes, breakdown with chronic ulceration, and sepsis.
The initial stages of lymphoedema swelling can benefit from conservative treatments like compression garments, manual lymphatic drainage, pneumatic compression and surgical treatments like vascularised lymph node transfer (Transferring lymph node with intact blood supply from normal area to the affected area), Nodo venous shunt (joining lymph node to superficial vein).
The delayed stage of lymphoedema usually presents with significant skin changes, and ulcerations (Elephant foot) and usually needs complete or partial removal of the affected skin followed by SSG or suturing. It's a debilitating disease but can be treated if detected and managed properly.
Aesthetic/Cosmetic surgery is the most famous broad sub-speciality of plastic surgery as in this era of social media every person wants a beautiful face and toned body. Aesthetic surgery not only corrects the abnormalities or deformities but also makes normal even more beautiful, and symmetrical Aesthetic surgery has expanded itself into multiple sub-specialities depending upon the surgery of the body part. Some of the aesthetic procedures also have significant physical advantages like rhinoplasty for recurrent sinusitis, breast reduction for neck and back pain, and abdominoplasty for back pain.
Some of the most commonly performed aesthetic procedures are:
- Breast augmentation (Boob Job)
- Rhinoplasty
- Breast reduction
- Gynaecomastia
- Abdominoplasty (Tummy tuck)
- Fat grafting
- Buccal fat removal
- Blepharoplasty
- Face/neck/thigh/arm lift
- Mastopexy
- Hair transplantation
- High definition liposuction
- Body sculpting
- Buttock augmentation.
