Heart valve diseases are common in India, particularly among older adults. Many people don't know they have valve disease or complain of any symptoms. In fact, most valvular diseases are diagnosed during a routine check-up. As per a study, India contributes 25–50 % to the global burden of rheumatic heart disease. Congenital heart disease, infectious endocarditis, and degenerative valve disease are some of the causes of valvular heart disease.
Heart valves are essential structures in your heart that regulate blood flow in the heart chambers. Four valves in your heart ensure one-way blood flows through your heart. These heart valves have tiny flaps called leaflets that allow forward movement of blood and prevent backward flow.
The four valves are:
The mitral valve, a valve between the left atrium and left ventricle.
The tricuspid valve, a valve between the right atrium and right ventricle.
The aortic valve is a valve between the left ventricle and the aorta.
The pulmonary valve is a valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.
Deoxygenated blood from your body enters the right atrium. Then via the tricuspid valve, it goes into the right ventricle. From here, via pulmonary valve, blood goes to the pulmonary artery to reach the lungs. After this blood is oxygenated in the lungs, it returns to the left atrium via pulmonary veins, through the pulmonary valve. Later, blood from the left atrium enters your left ventricle via the mitral valve. And via the aortic valve, it goes to other parts of your body. The issues with these heart valves can cause several heart conditions, including heart failure.
At Aster Hospitals, we provide complete treatment for all types of heart valve diseases. A highly experienced team of doctors and trained clinical staff of the cardiology department ensure the best care for you.
FAQs
At Aster Hospitals we provide the highest quality of care and a transformative experience for all your healthcare needs. With our network of multi-speciality hospitals, specialised doctors, and world-class technology, we bring global standards of medical care to our patients.
What are the common types of heart valve diseases?
Common types of heart valve diseases include:
Aortic stenosis
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Tricuspid regurgitation
How are heart valve diseases diagnosed?
During the physical examination, your doctor may find signs of heart valve disease, like a murmur, enlarged heart, or swollen ankles.
However, precise diagnosis can be made with the help of:
Chest X-ray
Cardiac catheterization
Echocardiograms
Electrocardiograms (ECGs)
Imaging tests like MRI
Transesophageal echocardiogram
Exercise stress echocardiogram
What are transcatheter procedures for heart valve diseases?
Transcatheter approaches involve inserting a new valve through a catheter. This can help avoid open-heart surgery.
Can heart valve diseases recur after treatment?
In some cases, yes. Regular follow-up with a cardiologist is crucial to monitor valve function.
Do I need to take medication after surgery?
Depending on the type of surgery and valve used, you may need blood thinners or medications to prevent infection or manage symptoms.
What causes heart valve diseases?
The causes of heart valve disease are:
Congenital defects
Infections like rheumatic fever and infective endocarditis
Age-related degeneration or calcification
Certain medical conditions
What is the difference between heart valve repair vs. replacement?
In heart valve repair, the surgeon fixes the existing valve. In heart valve replacement, the diseased valve is replaced with an artificial valve.
What is the recovery time after heart valve surgery?
It takes about two months to recover from heart valve surgery. Recovery times vary and can be shorter in the case of minimally invasive surgeries. However, most surgeries often need a hospital stay, rest, and rehabilitation.
How long does a replaced valve last?
The longevity of a replaced valve varies. Mechanical valves may last longer but require lifelong blood thinners. Biological valves have a limited lifespan but may not require blood thinners.
Can I lead a normal life after heart valve surgery?
Yes. Many people resume their normal activities and quality of life after recovery. Your doctor will guide you on maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
