What are the major causes of dizziness?
Causes for dizziness could be due to following causes: Peripheral: BPPV (Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo), Labyrinthitis, Meniere’s disease, Acute Vestibulopathy, Vestibular Paroxysmia, Presbyvestibulopathy. Central: Vestibular Migraine, Posterior circulation strokes, Degenerative diseases of brainstem & cerebellum, Multiple Sclerosis. Medical: Orthostatic intolerance or hypotension, Hypoglycemia, Electrolyte imbalance. Functional: PPPD (Persistent Postural Perceptual Dizziness), MDDS (Mal de Debarquement Syndrome).
How are balance disorders diagnosed?
An expert doctor who is trained in Neurotology will have a thorough session with the patient suffering from dizziness for obtaining history of illness, detailed subjective clinical examination followed by objective examination with the help of instruments like Videonystagmogram, Audiometric assessment and if needed Imaging like MRI or CT. Cross consultation with other specialties might also require for reaching proper diagnosis at times. This strategy helps in diagnosing entire spectrum of complex balance disorders with ease and without error.
What are the major dizziness symptoms?
A patient complaining of dizziness can be referring to any of the following symptoms. Vertigo – A condition in which the person feels like they or the environment around them is moving or spinning. A vertigo episode may range from a few seconds to minutes or for hours or days. Disequilibrium or Unsteadiness – A symptom in which patient feels off balance during head movements or swaying tendency during active body movements. Presyncope – A near fainting episode with black-outs or light headedness Syncope – A fainting episode with transient loss of consciousness and with a spontaneous recovery. Drop attacks – A sudden dizziness resulting in fall but without loss of consciousness.
What are the main causes of cardiac arrest?
Coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, previous heart attacks, and high blood pressure are primary causes of cardiac arrest.
How does an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) save lives?
An AED delivers an electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm during sudden cardiac arrest.
How can CPR help during cardiac arrest?
CPR maintains blood flow to vital organs until medical help arrives, increasing survival chances significantly. Generally CPR should be performed by an expert cardiologist but anyone can perform it.
What are the early warning signs of cardiac arrest?
Symptoms may include sudden collapse, no pulse, shortness of breath, dizziness, or chest discomfort before losing consciousness.
What is the difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest?
A heart attack occurs due to blocked arteries, while cardiac arrest is an electrical malfunction stopping the heart’s function.
What are the treatment options for PAD?
Treatment includes lifestyle changes, medications, angioplasty, stenting, and, in severe cases, bypass surgery to restore circulation.
How is PAD diagnosed?
A cardiologist performs the diagnosis with tests like the Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI), Doppler ultrasound, and angiography to assess artery blockages and blood flow.
