Valvular Heart Diseases

Valvular Heart Disease

Valvular heart disease (VHD) refers to conditions where one or more of the heart’s four valves mitral, aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary fail to function properly. These valves help maintain the unidirectional flow of blood through the heart and to the rest of the body. When these valves become damaged or diseased, it can lead to inefficient blood flow, affecting overall heart function. 

Valvular Heart Disease Types

1. Stenosis
2. Regurgitation (Insufficiency)
3. Prolapse

Valvular Heart Disease Symptoms

• Shortness of breath (especially during exertion or lying down)
• Fatigue and weakness due to reduced blood circulation
• Chest pain or discomfort during physical activity
• Dizziness or fainting from poor blood flow
• Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet caused by fluid buildup
• Heart palpitations (irregular or rapid heartbeat)

Clinical Features

• Heart Murmurs
• Cardiomegaly
• Pulmonary Congestion
• Trousseau’s Sign

Treatment Options By Cardiologist

Medications

• Diuretics: To reduce fluid buildup in the body and relieve symptoms.
• Beta-Blockers and ACE Inhibitors: Help control blood pressure and heart rate.
• Anticoagulants: Prevent blood clots in patients with regurgitation.

Minimally Invasive Procedures

• Balloon Valvuloplasty: A procedure to widen narrowed valves, commonly used for aortic or mitral stenosis.
• Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR): A procedure for high-risk patients with aortic stenosis to replace a diseased valve without open-heart surgery.

Surgical Interventions

• Valve Repair: Preferred for certain conditions, such as mitral valve prolapse or mild regurgitation.
• Valve Replacement: When the valve is severely damaged, it is replaced with either a mechanical or biological prosthetic valve.

Lifestyle Modifications

• Regular exercise and a heart-healthy diet.
• Limiting alcohol intake and avoiding excess sodium.
• Routine check-ups for early detection and management.

Why Choose Aster Hospitals for Treatment?

Aster Hospitals offers specialized care for valvular heart disease with our expert  cardiologist who provides individualized treatment plans. Their diagnostic facilities, including advanced echocardiography and cardiac MRI, ensure a precise diagnosis. They offer minimally invasive treatments like TAVR, valve repair surgeries, and post-operative care to help patients recover efficiently.