What is image guided ablation?
Ablation is a minimally invasive, image guided procedure done by Interventional Radiologists that involves destruction of the tumor/non tumor cells using thermal and non-thermal methods. Thermal methods include radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) and cryoablation. Non thermal methods include ethanol ablation and irreversible electropolation (IRE). MWA and RFA are most widely used.
What are the common indications of ablation?
Ablation is used to treat various lesions of the body depending on their size, location, number and other parameters. Common indications include:
- Liver tumors – Hepatocellular carcinoma, Metastasis
- Thyroid- Benign thyroid nodules and select malignant thyroid nodules
- Kidney- Renal cell carcinoma
- Pancreas- advanced pancreatic carcinoma for pain relief
- Lung- Lung carcinoma
- Bone- Osteoid osteoma
How is ablation done?
Procedure is usually done under LA/ mild sedation under monitored anesthesia care. Under ultrasound/CT guidance small needle is placed into the area of concern. The lesion and adjacent area is ablated which results in irreversible cell death.
Procedure duration and post procedure care?
Procedure usually takes about 45-60minutes. Ablation time is generally around 10-20 minutes. 1-2 days hospital stay may be required.
What are the advantages of ablation?
- Minimally invasive procedure/ surgery
- No cuts/ scars/sutures.
- Shorter hospital stay (1-2 days)
- Almost nil requirement for blood transfusion
- Allows you to go back to work and other activities sooner (immediately after discharge)
Case:
70 year old gentleman presented with chronic liver parenchymal disease hepatocellular carcinoma. He was underwent microwave ablation. Follow up MRI after one month showed complete response of the tumor with no active disease.
